Karshya -A Critical Review on Nutritional Deficiency as per Ayurveda

Ayurveda emphasize prevention over cure. A balanced diet with proper dietetic rule can help avoid a lot of common health concerns. The source of life for all living beings is food, growth, strength, intelligence, satisfaction, all are established in food. Food is significant as a nutritional source, as well as having therapeutic value, and it plays an important part in regaining strength lost due to the disease's detrimental effects throughout the post-treatment phase and also excess exercise, or addiction too. Ayurveda classic haphazardly explain nutritional issues. Each and every disease is due to faulty Ahara and Vihara. Ahara vidhi is equally important to get optimum benefits from consumed food. Childhood malnutrition is thought to be the cause of 35% of all fatalities in children under the age of five, as well as 21% of total worldwide disability-adjusted life years lost in children. Karshya not only concerns with weight loss, but also compares with malnutrition-like disorders. In Ayurveda, Karshya is a disease as well as cause, prodromal symptoms, feature of different diseases and bad prognostic sign. Karsha is also a physiological in Vataja prakriti individual. This illness is linked to growth and development issues in children and adolescence group. In adults, malnutrition results in weakness, fatigue, low immune response, protein, vitamin, minerals, fats deficiencies, and more prone to degenerative diseases. The aim of this review article is highlighted the Ayurvedic perspective on Karsha in term of malnutrition. All material for this article is collected from classical Ayurvedic texts. Understanding the cause and pathophysiology and accurate treatment as per Ayurved classics all are discussed here elaborately

Predictable factors for intervention with heparin free plasmapheresis in impending liver cell failure due to consumption of phosphorus rodenticide

Background: Yellow phosphorus containing rodenticide poisoning are common in Adult critical care. They cause coagulopathy and liver cell failure in humans. Till date, only liver transplants had been advocated as the final treatment of fulminant liver failure occurring as a complication of rodenticide poisoning. In this study, an innovative Treatment approach was given to liver cell failure cases who had consumed yellow phosphorus paste.Methods: Retrospective analysis of case records of liver cell failure cases due to the consumption of phosphorus containing Rodenticide poisonings, were analysed for a period of 1 year from January 2018 to January 2019 in a public hospital. Medical case records were obtained from records department and Postmortem registers. Symptoms, signs, investigations, treatments, complications, and outcomes were tabulated.Results: Total 11 cases were studied. 8 cases of liver cell failure and coagulopathy in whom therapeutic heparin free plasmapheresis was given, recovered completely from liver cell failure. A significant drop in Haemoglobin, platelet count, PT INR Ratio and rise in serum alkaline phosphatase, were the predictable factors used for the intervention of therapy with 5 cycles of heparin free plasmapheresis to eliminate toxic effects of phosphorus on liver cells and in the blood. A comparative analysis of untreated cases (n=3) vs treated with plasmapheresis (n=8), showed a significant statistical difference (P <0.005) in outcomes with a degree of freedom=2.Conclusions: Plasmapheresis can be a therapeutic treatment for liver cell failure caused due to the consumption of yellow phosphorus.  Predictable factors for impending liver cell failure in whom plasmapheresis will be of benefit are dependent upon prothrombin time, INR ratio, Liver enzymes and time interval between consumption and onset of liver cell failure.

Analgesic activity of allopurinol and febuxostat in experimental animals

Background: Currently, two classes of analgesics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioid analgesics are used to manage pain in different clinical situations. Chronic uses of these drugs have various adverse effects like gastric ulceration/bleeding, analgesic nephropathy and respiratory depression, physical dependence, addiction, respectively. Xanthine oxidase inhibitors, used for chronic gout, might have a role in alleviation of pain, as per literature survey. Hence, the present study was carried out to evaluate the potential analgesic activity of allopurinol and febuxostat in different experimental models.Methods: The analgesic activity of allopurinol and febuxostat was assessed by employing two different experimental pain models-tail flick latency model in rats for central analgesia and acetic acid induced writhing model in mice for peripheral analgesia and was compared with tramadol and aspirin.Results: Allopurinol and febuxostat produced significant central and peripheral analgesic effects as is evident from increase in reaction time in tail flick test and inhibition in number of writhes in acetic acid induced writhing test.Conclusions: The results of the present study demonstrate marked analgesic effect of allopurinol and febuxostat.

Phenytoin induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome in a 38 year male patient: A Case Report

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are one of the leading causes of death among hospitalized patients and occur in 0.3 to 7 per cent of all hospital admissions. These may vary from mild rashes to severe reactions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). Antiepileptic drugs-induced SJS is a life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reaction. We report here a case of phenytoin induced SJS in a 38 year old male patient presenting at emergency room. The patient responded to the treatment and was prescribed tab. Levetrecitam and remained symptom free since then.

A simple technique for isolation in inaccessible areas of oral cavity.

Introduction: Isolation or maintenance of clean, visible, dry field is an absolute necessity for any dental or surgical procedure. Apart from improvement in visibility, accessibility, and appropriately directed isolation instrument should also allow operator to work simultaneously for long duration. Methods: We used readily available disposable 18 gauge needle which can be easily and snuggly attached to stainless steel suction cannula. This method/ attachment provided better accessibility with minimal hindrance, i.e. because of small size it allowed suctioning and instrumentation in the limited surgical field to proceed simultaneously which was never possible before by using other methods. This method can be used in various procedures (periapical surgeries, visualization and retrieval of fractured root pieces). Conclusions: Simultaneous visibility and accessibility is key goal of this technique and which can be used to improve patient care.